1. To design the transport package of goods reasonably


Any means of transport has the limitation of carrying weight and maximum volume, so this should be taken into account when negotiating a contract. For example, if container transportation is used, if the customer's order quantity is not reasonable after calculation, it should be generally recommended to change the order quantity. For example, two orders can be assembled into a whole cabinet, or the surplus quantity can be cut down and shipped next time. Before shipment, scientific calculation of product packaging should also be carried out. The specific method is to design the packaging according to the quantity of the order according to the volume of the container. For example, a carton is usually packed with L2 pieces. If a container can not be packed in this way, it will be packed with L5 pieces or 20 pieces in a carton instead. Then, according to the size of the inner container, the size of the carton is designed, and an optimum packing scheme is developed to reach the ideal state of filling a 20'or 40' container.


2. Understanding the route of transport of goods


It is necessary to know the ocean-going routes of cargo shipping, such as to European ports. Although most shipping companies have differences between basic ports and non-basic ports, the difference in freight rates is at least between $100 and $200. But the division of different shipping companies will be different. Understanding the division of different companies can obtain the price of the basic port by choosing the transport company. For example, the eastern ports of the United States have two modes of transportation: full waterway and continental bridge, with a price difference of several hundred dollars. If you are not in time for the ship, you can ask the shipping company for full waterway.


3. Adopting the Appropriate Transport Method for Port Collection


Freight owners in the Mainland have different costs in choosing different inland transportation modes. Generally speaking, train transportation is the cheapest, but delivery and delivery procedures are complex, suitable for large quantities and not in time for delivery. Truck transportation is the simplest, quicker and slightly more expensive than train transportation. The most expensive is to load containers directly in factories or warehouses, which is only suitable for fragile goods that are not suitable for multiple loading and unloading. Generally speaking, it is better not to adopt this method.


Under FOB conditions, sea transportation also involves the problem of cargo gathering before shipment. I believe that many people have had such unpleasant experience: under FOB terms, the pre-shipment charges are very confusing and unregulated. Because it is the shipping company designated by the buyer, the shipper has no choice. Different shipping companies will interpret this differently. Some require shippers to pay all the fees before shipment: packing fee, wharf fee, Trailer fee; some only need to pay the trailer fee from warehouse to wharf; some will charge different surcharges according to the address of warehouse. Such charges often exceed the budget for freight costs at the time of the offer. Therefore, it is better to confirm the start of both parties'fees under the FOB clause when signing the contract. When the goods are delivered to the warehouse at the port, the responsibility is completed. As for the trailer fee and wharf fee from the warehouse to the wharf, they are all included in the ocean freight and paid by the consignee.


4. Choosing suitable shipping companies and international freight forwarders


Now the whole shipping market competition is very full, the world's major well-known shipping companies have landed in China, major ports have their offices. Of course, there are many advantages to doing business with these shipowners: they have strong strength, good service and standard operation. However, if you are not a big cargo owner and can't get preferential freight rates from them, their prices are really too expensive. At this time, it would be better to find some medium-sized shipowners, who are also shipowners. Some of them are not well-known, but the shipping time and service are guaranteed, and the prices are much more reasonable. Generally speaking, the freight forwarder signs a contract with the shipping company and gets the preferential freight rate that the general cargo owner can not get from the shipping company. Although the quotation of the small freight forwarder is low, the service is difficult to guarantee because of insufficient strength. In addition, large shipping companies have few offices in the mainland, so some medium-sized freight forwarders are the best choice. First, the price is reasonable, and second, long-term cooperation is more tacit. These designated agents will get very cheap prices from shipowners. These agents will be able to get very low freight rates in the long run. Some freight forwarders will even tell him the bottom price truthfully, plus a little profit as the selling price for him. In addition, different shipping companies or freight forwarders have their own advantages on different routes in the shipping market. Finding companies that have an advantage in operating a certain route will not only have a tighter shipping schedule, but also generally have the cheapest freight rate on the market. At this time, foreign trade enterprises should look for different shipping companies to operate according to their export market classification. For example, goods exported to the United States should be handed over to one company, while goods exported to Europe should be handed over to another company.


5. Reasonable handling of LCL cargo


The transportation procedure of LCL cargo by sea is much more complicated than that of the whole container, and the freight is relatively flexible. There are many transportation companies to make the whole cabinet, and the price will be relatively transparent in the shipping market. There are open market prices for LCL, of course, but the additional charges vary greatly among transport companies, so the freight rate on the transport company's price list will only be part of the final charge. First of all, confirm all items charged in writing to see if their quotation is a contract price, so as to prevent the carrier from prejudicing after the event. Secondly, the weight and size of the goods should be calculated clearly to prevent them from doing anything on it. Some transport companies offer lower prices, but often increase prices by exaggerating the charges for weight or size. Thirdly, we need to find a company that specializes in container assembly. This company directly assembles containers. They accept them.